Introduction 17
Globalization, Multiculturalism, and Mega Cities 29
1. Globalization, Labor Migration and Global Cities 29
2. Nationalism and Korean Identity 32
3. Ethnic Enclaves and Immigrant Villages 32
4. Different Paradigms of Multiculturalism 34
5. Korea’s Foreign Communities and Multiculturalism 35
Koreans and Multiculturalism 39
1. Korean’s Attitude toward Multiculturalism 39
1.1. Survey respondents 41
1.2. Perception of foreigners 42
1.3. Social distance to foreigners 43
1.4. Communication with foreigners 45
1.5. Korea as multicultural society 49
2. In-Depth Survey of Korean’s Attitude in Foreign Villages 51
2.1. Survey respondents in foreign villages 53
2.2. Perception of foreigners 53
2.3. Social distance to foreigners 55
2.4. Communication with foreigners 58
2.5. Culture centers 63
2.6. South Korea as a multicultural society 66
Foreigners Living in Korea 69
1. Seoul’s Foreign Residential and Cultural Villages 69
2. Spatial and Class Analysis of Ethnic Villages in Seoul 73
2.1. The Chosunjok Community : “Yenben Street” 73
2.2. Islam Community : Itaewon Islam Mosque 75
2.3. Hwagyo Community 1 : Little Chinatown 78
2.4. French Community : Seorae Village 80
2.5. Japanese Community : Little Tokyo 83
2.6. Mongolian Community : Mongolian Tower 85
2.7. Hwagyo Community 2 : Chinese Street 87
2.8. Italian Community : Club Italia 89
2.9. The Filipino Community : Sunday Market 89
3. Foreign Brides 94
3.1. Understanding foreign brides 97
3.2. Cultural adjustment and stress 106
3.3. Families of foreign brides 114
3.4. Social life of foreign brides 120
4. International Marriage Families and Their Children 128
4.1. Children of multicultural families 129
4.2. Characteristics of children of multicultural families 131
5. Ansan, Incheon and Other Foreign Villages in South Korea 138
5.1. ‘Borderless Village’ in Wongok-dong, Ansan City 138
5.2. Chinatown in Incheon 140
5.3. Foreigner District in Daegu Dalseo-gu 142
5.4. German Village in Namhae, Gyeongsangnam-do 145
Korea’s Laws and Institutions on Foreigners, Immigration, and Multiculturalism 147
1. Laws and Institutions on Foreigners and Immigration 147
1.1. Industrial Training System(ITS) 150
1.2. Employment Permit System(EPS) 153
1.3. The Consolidated Employment Permit System 155
1.4. Policy for Overseas Koreans: Introduction of H-2 Visa 157
1.5. Nationality Law 160
2. Policies on Multiculturalism 162
2.1. Basic Act on the Treatment of Foreigners in South Korea 163
2.2. Multicultural Policies for Migrant Workers and
Marriage Immigrants 167
2.3. Multicultural Policy versus Multicultural Society 172
3. Multicultural Service in South Korea 179
3.1. Multicultural Services in South Korea 179
3.2. Seoul Metropolitan Government 224
3.3. Ansan-si(city) 235
Conclusion 249
